Aim of the study. The aim of this paper is to present the selected aspects of social functioning of persons with diagnose of bipolar disorder (BD) or major depressive disorder (MDD). The main focus is on analyzing the functioning of theory of mind, empathy and moral emotions among groups of patients. Considerations also apply the possible mechanisms underlying the impairments of mentioned areas. Material and methods. The analysis of present literature related to the subject. Results. There are a lot of studies confirming the presence of handicap of theory of mind, empathy and moral emotions in patients with affective disorders. Conclusions. Disturbances of social cognition and moral emotions are common among persons with BD or MDD. Raising awareness of the problems affecting this area may contribute to a better understanding of patients and help the clinicians in conducting effective therapy.