Aim of the study:
This study intended to investigate the effect of cognitive restructuring training on prefrontal related neurocognitive functions in opioid addicts and its relationship with relapse prevention.

Subject or material and methods:
Thirty opioid addicts who completed a 21-day detoxification program were randomly placed in experimental and control groups. Before and after the training, the subjects underwent urinalysis, Addiction-Stroop test, Iowa Gambling Task, Wisconsin Card Sorting test, and Emotion Recognition Scale.

Results:
Decision-making and emotion recognition were improved after the training course, but no significant difference was observed in attention bias, cognitive flexibility and relapse.

Discussion:
Different neurocognitive functions in addicts are affected differently by cognitive restructurin training. cognitive restructuring training effects more significantly on venromedial prefrontal cortex related functions than that of dorsolateral related functions.

Conclusions:
Cognitive restructuring training and improvement of some neuropsychological functions are not enough to prevent relapse, and attention bias and cognitive flexibility should be adjusted.